Portal:Maps/Maps

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A map is a visual representation of an area—a symbolic depiction highlighting relationships between elements of that space such as objects[disambiguation needed], regions, and themes. Many maps are static two-dimensional, geometrically accurate representations of three-dimensional space, while others are dynamic or interactive, even three-dimensional. Although most commonly used to depict geography, maps may represent any space, real or imagined, without regard to context or scale.

A world map is a map of the surface of the Earth, which may be made using any of a number of different map projections. Maps of the world are often either 'political' or 'physical'. The most important purpose of the political map is to show territorial borders; the purpose of the physical is to show features of geography such as mountains, soil type or land use. Geological maps show not only the physical surface, but characteristics of the underlying rock, fault lines, and subsurface structures. Topographical maps show constant values such as elevation, temperature or rainfall often represented in the form of contour lines. A nautical chart is a graphic representation of a maritime area and adjacent coastal regions. A thematic map displays the spatial pattern of a theme or series of attributes, such as population density, health issues, language or climate. Star cartography is the branch of astronomy concerned with mapping the stars, galaxies, and a multitude of other celestial bodies.

World map

Drainage basins
Drainage basins
Credit: Citynoise
Drainage basins for the major oceans and seas; grey areas are endorheic basins.

Geographic map

Course and watershed of the Nile
Course and watershed of the Nile
Credit: Imagico
Course and watershed of the Nile with topography shading and political boundaries.

Political map

Political map of Oceania
Political map of Oceania
Credit: Tintazul
Political map of Oceania, with ISO 3166-1 country and territory codes.

Thematic map

Central Park, New York City
Central Park, New York City
Credit: MapMaster

Nautical map

The Gulf of Mexico
The Gulf of Mexico
Credit: NOAA
The Gulf of Mexico in 3D perspective using a GIS.

Historical map

Map of Asia, 1892
Map of Asia, 1892
Credit: Rand, McNally & Co., University of Texas
Map of Asia, 1892.

Associated Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject: